Wheat is a second most important staple food crop in India, widely cultivated across the country. Weeds are plants that are considered unwanted or undesirable in a particular area. Weed infestation is a major factor limiting crop productivity as they interfere with the growing crop for nutrient, light and water requirement. Wheat is affected by both grasses and broad-leaved weeds. If weeds are not controlled from early stages of crop growth, depending upon the intensity and type of weeds, these may cause reduction in yield of wheat crop up to 40%. Integrated weed management practices need to be focused to effectively manage the weeds in any crop.
Both monot and dicot weeds are prevalent in wheat fields. Monocot weeds or grasses are characterized by long, narrow leaves that typically have parallel veins. While dicot or broad-leaved leaves are characterized by wider leaves that have branching veins.
Type of weed | Weed species |
Monocot weeds | Phalaris minor, Avena fatua, Polypogon monspllensis, Cyperus rotundus, Cynodon dactylon |
Dicot weeds | Chenopodium album, Fumaria purviflora, Cirsium arvense, Anagalis arvensis, Melilotus alba, Melilotus indica, Vicia sativa, Lathyrus spp |
(*DAS – Days after sowing)
Knowing whether a weed is a monocot or dicot can be helpful in identifying it and choosing the most effective method of control. Selective herbicides can be used to target specific weeds while minimizing harm to the surrounding environment and non-target species.
Spray Pre-emergence herbicide Pendimethalin 30% EC at 1 litre per acre in the wheat field at 0 – 3 days after sowing. Pendimethalin controls both grasses and broadleaved weeds in the wheat ecosystem. Butachlor 50% EC at the rate of 1 litre per acre can also be used for pre-emergence application. It also controls most annual grasses and broad-leaved weeds.
Time of application – After first irrigation at 30 – 35 DAS or 2 – 4 leaf stage of weeds.
Herbicide Product | Technical content | Dosage | Type of weeds’ it controls |
Weedmar Super Herbicide | 2,4-D Amine Salt 58% SL | 400 gm/acre | Broad leaved and grassy weeds |
Sempra Herbicide | Halosulfuron Methyl 75%WG | 36 gm/acre | Grasses |
Katyayani Vikram Herbicide | Clodinafop Propargyl 15% WP | 160 gm/acre | Grasses |
Katyayani MSM Herbicide | Metsulfuron Methyl 20% WP | 4-8 gm/acre | Broad leaved and grassy weeds |
Luficer Herbicide | Piroxofop-propanyl 15% WP | 300-400 gm/acre
| Grassy weeds |
NOTE:
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