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National Beekeeping and Honey Mission (NBHM)

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National Beekeeping and Honey Mission (NBHM)
National Beekeeping and Honey Mission

The National Beekeeping and Honey Mission (NBHM) has been making headlines recently for its efforts to promote and develop scientific beekeeping in India. Launched in 2020, the mission aims to achieve the goal of a ‘Sweet Revolution’ by enhancing the beekeeping industry and its contribution to income generation, employment, and agricultural development.

Scheme Overview

  • Scheme Name: National Beekeeping and Honey Mission (NBHM)
  • Scheme Modified: Launched in 2020
  • Scheme Fund Allocated: Rs. 500 crores for 3 years (2020-21 to 2022-23)
  • Type of Government Scheme: Central Sector Scheme
  • Sponsored/Sector Scheme: Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare

Features of the Scheme

Under the National Beekeeping and Honey Mission (NBHM), the following key features have been implemented:

  1. Aim: The mission aims to promote and develop scientific beekeeping in India, with a focus on achieving a ‘Sweet Revolution’ in the country.
  2. Objectives: The mission seeks to promote holistic growth in the beekeeping industry, provide livelihood support to farm and non-farm households, enhance agriculture and horticulture production, develop additional infrastructural facilities, and promote the dissemination of the latest technologies and skill development in beekeeping.
  3. Empowerment of Women: The mission places special emphasis on empowering women through beekeeping.
  4. Integrated Beekeeping Development Centre: The establishment of Integrated Beekeeping Development Centres helps in providing comprehensive support and guidance to beekeepers.
  5. Centers of Excellence: Centres of Excellence are set up to facilitate research, innovation, and knowledge-sharing in the field of beekeeping.
  6. Infrastructure Development: The mission includes the establishment of testing and disease diagnostic labs, custom hiring centres, api-therapy centres, nucleus stock, and bee breeders to support the beekeeping industry.
  7. Financial Outlay: An allocation of Rs. 500 crores has been made for the mission, covering a period of three years from 2020-21 to 2022-23.

Benefits of National Beekeeping and Honey Mission (NBHM)

  • Income and Employment Generation: The mission provides opportunities for income and employment generation through beekeeping activities.
  • Livelihood Support: It offers support to farm and non-farm households, promoting their economic well-being.
  • Enhanced Agricultural and Horticultural Production: Beekeeping contributes to improved pollination, leading to higher crop yields and enhanced agricultural and horticultural production.
  • Skill Development: The mission focuses on the dissemination of state-of-the-art technologies and skill development in the beekeeping industry, equipping beekeepers with the latest knowledge and practices.
  • Women Empowerment: The mission empowers women by providing them with opportunities to participate in the beekeeping industry and gain financial independence.

Drawback

  1. Limited Reach: The mission’s impact might be limited to specific regions or states with suitable beekeeping conditions.  
  2. Inadequate Awareness and Participation: Lack of awareness about the mission and its benefits among potential beneficiaries could hinder its success.  
  3. Challenges in Technology Adoption: Incorporating state-of-the-art technologies may pose challenges for some traditional beekeepers who are not familiar with modern methods. Adapting to new practices and equipment might require time, resources, and training.
  4. Insufficient Infrastructure: While the mission aims to develop infrastructure, there might still be regions with inadequate facilities for beekeepers, such as a lack of testing and disease diagnostic labs or custom hiring centers.
  5. Sustainability Concerns: Rapidly expanding the beekeeping industry could raise concerns about its sustainability and potential impact on the natural environment. Unplanned growth may lead to overexploitation of resources and ecological imbalances.
  6. Risk of Disease Outbreaks: Concentration of bee colonies in certain areas could increase the risk of disease outbreaks.
  7. Access to Financial Resources: While an allocation of funds has been made for the mission, there might be challenges in ensuring equitable distribution of financial resources among eligible beekeepers, especially for those in remote or marginalized communities.
  8. Market Challenges: A sudden increase in honey production could lead to market saturation, affecting honey prices and the income of beekeepers. Ensuring stable market conditions and fair prices for honey may require careful planning and management.
  9. Climate Change Impact: Climate change can affect beekeeping by altering flowering patterns and bee behavior. Extreme weather events and changing temperature patterns might pose challenges for beekeepers and honey production.
  10. Competition and Monoculture Concerns: With increased focus on beekeeping, there might be increased competition among beekeepers, potentially leading to a decline in traditional agricultural practices or monoculture, affecting biodiversity.

Conclusion

The National Beekeeping and Honey Mission (NBHM) launched by the Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare is playing a crucial role in promoting scientific beekeeping and bringing about a ‘Sweet Revolution’ in India. By supporting the growth of the beekeeping industry, empowering women, and enhancing agricultural production, the mission holds the potential to transform the lives of farmers and contribute to the overall development of the country.

Banana: Planting and Package of Practices

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Banana: Planting and Package of Practices
Banana: Planting and Package of Practices

Banana (Musa paradisica L.) belongs to the family Musaceae originated from South-East-Asia and it is the oldest fruit in India. Second most consumable fruit after mango in India. Banana farming is done in various states in India. South India (Kerala, Tamil Nadu,  Karnatak), Western India- (Gujrat, Maharashtra), Eastern India (Assam, Bihar). The complete Banana POP has been discussed in this article.

It is the most important factor to follow the package of practices of banana to grow a healthy banana crop. Banana is a good source of Potassium, Phosphorus, calcium & magnesium, which is also a rich source of carbohydrate and is rich in vitamin B. It helps in reducing risk of heart diseases, gastroenteritis, arthritis, ulcer, and kidney disorders. The processed products of bananas are chips, banana puree, jam, jelly, etc. 

Banana Crop at a Glance

  • Biological name: Musa sp. (Musa paradisica L.)
  • Popularly known as: apple of paradise, Adam fig, Bale (Kannada)
  • Crop season: Rabi and Kharif
  • Crop type: Horticultural crop
  • Banana Production (2021): 30.50 tonnes/ ha
  • Estimated banana production: 14.20 mt/ha
  • Quantity exported in 2021:3.78 t
  • Soil requirement: Alluvial and volcanic soil, black loam, coastal sandy loams and the red lateritic soil

Climate Requirements

When to grow Banana crop

Banana is basically a tropical crop, grows well in temperature range of 13ºC – 38ºC with RH regime of 75-85%. In India this crop is being cultivated in climates ranging from humid tropical to dry mild subtropics through selection of appropriate varieties like Grandnaine. The average rainfall requirement is 650-750 mm for banana cultivation.

Land & Sowing Preparations for Banana

How to grow Banana crop

Banana roots are delicate and tender, so banana farms should be well pulverized. Bring the soil to a fine tilth by deep ploughing and harrowing. Pits are dug in the size of 60x 60 X 45 cm, fill the pits with 0.5-1 kg of neem cake and well decomposed FYM compost 5-10 kg. Apply carbofuran 3G @ 20g/pit or phorate 10-G @10 -12 g/pit at the time of banana planting.

Seed rate & Spacing

In general, banana plant suckers of 1600 to 10000 by spacing from 1.0 x 1.1 to 2.0×2.0m  should be sown.   

Time of sowing banana cultivation 

Most suitable banana planting time is June- July. Adjust planting time in such a way that flowering should not coincide with winter or chilling temperature.

Method of sowing 

Pit Method: Pit planting is commonly followed in the garden land system of cultivation. Pits of 60 cm x 60 x 60 cm x 60 cm size are dug, filled with a mixture of soil, sand and FYM (Farmyard Manure) in a 1:1:1 ratio. Suckers are planted in the center of the pit and soil around is compacted.

Furrow Method: In Gujarat and Maharashtra, furrow planting is practiced. After land preparation, 30-40 cm deep furrows are made, either manually or with a ridger. Suckers are placed at required spacing; FYM is applied around, mixed with soil and tightly packed round the suckers.

Irrigation schedule for banana cultivation

Irrigate immediately after banana planting. Give a light Subsequent irrigation after planting. Stop irrigation during rainy days.

Usage of Manures and fertilizers

Apply fertilizer 5-8 cm. below the soil surface by gentle digging in ring fashion.

Sl.No. Days after planting Fertilizer dosage in gm/plant
Urea SSP MOP MgSo4 Micronutrients
1 At the time of planting 100 50
2 30 50 100 50 25
3 60 100 100 90
4 90 100 100 90 25 25
5 120 100 100 90 25
6 150 100 100 90
7 180 100 100 90
8 At bunch emergence     90

 Micronutrients

  • Application of micro-nutrient like Zn, Mn, Fe,are found to improve yield and quality of bunch. 
  • Two applications of micro-nutrient (with a commercial preparation) consisting of Zn (0.1%), Mn(0.1%) and Boron (0.005%) are to be given in the third and fifth month. 

Inter cultivation operations

1. Weeding:

Spraying of Glyphosate (Round up) before planting at the rate of 2 lit/ha is carried out to keep the plantation weed free. One or two manual weedings are necessary.

2. Thinning:

Trim the dried and infected leaves regularly.

3. Earthing up:

Keep the soil loose by harrowing from time to time. Earthing up should be done 3-4 months after planting i.e. raising the soil level around the base of the plant by 10-12”. It is better to prepare a raised bed and keep the drip line on bed 2-3” away from the plant. It also helps to protect plants from wind damage and production losses to some extent..

Crop protection for banana cultivation

Pests

1. Rhizome weevil

Symptoms

  • Young grubs first tunnel along the surface of the leaf until they penetrate into the leaf sheaths. 
  • As the infection progresses, it spread to the pseudostem,  rhizome/corm, the base of suckers and roots
  • The infected plants show yellowing and weathering of leaves and reduction in fruit production.

Management

  • Select healthy suckers from good banana farm
  • Soil application of carbofuran at 2gm per plant
  • Apply furadan 3G at 20gm or neem cake at 0.5kg per pit during banana planting
  • Suckers should be dipped in 0.1% quinalphos emulsion before planting
  • Release predatory ants as the bigheaded ant and Tetramorium spp. Are the important predators on the banana weevil

2. Lesion Nematode

Symptoms

  • When the roots are split open reddish-brown to black, elongated lesions which are readily seen due infection of lesion nematodes. Roots eventually blacken and die.
  • Attacks of nematodes lead with infection of secondary rot organisms, destroy or weaken much of the root system.
  • Infested plants lose their vigor and poor fruiting.

Management

  • Avoid infected suckers to eliminate primary source of infection in banana farm
  • Scoop out the corm  tissue  until   all  black or discolored spots are removed, leaving only clean white tissues
  • Treat the trimmed suckers  with hot water at 53-54°C for 20-25 minutes
  • Grow marigold as a inter crop which serves as repellent and trap crop
  • Covering the field for 6 to 8 weeks with plastic after tilling and irrigation, raises the soil temperature, that eliminates the eggs, juveniles of the nematode
  • At the time of banana planting apply of Furadan 3G @ 20 g or Phorate 10g @ 12 gms or neem cake @ 500 g/ pit

Diseases affecting Banana crop

1. Anthracnose

Symptoms

  • Initially small, circular, black spots develop on the infected fruits. Then these spots enlarge in size and turns to brown color  
  • The outer skin of the banana turns black and shrivels, later it is covered with characteristic pink acervuli. Finally the whole finger is affected. Later the pathogen spreads and affects the whole bunch.
  • Due to infection of pathogens, fruit starts to ripen before maturity.

Management

  • when the fruit is still young spray with 1% Bordeaux mixture
  • Before harvest of banana, spray with  Carbendazim 0.1% or Chlorothalonil 0.2% four times at fortnightly interval is highly effective
  • After harvest, dip the fruits in mycostatin 440 ppm or Carbendazim 400 ppm.

2. Banana Bunchy Top

Symptoms

  • Initially, dark green streaks appears in the veins of lower portion of the leaf midrib and the leaf stem.
  • Due to infection of BBTV on mature plants, it is difficult to emerge new leaves, even though if they emerge the leaves are narrower and are wavy rather than flat, and have yellow (chlorotic) leaf margins.
  • They appear to be “bunched” at the top of the plant, so the disease is named as bunchy top of banana

Management 

  • Inject the infected banana plant  with 4 ml of Fernoxone  solution (50g in 400 ml of water).
  • Insert the Fernoxone capsules (containing 200 to 400 mg of chemical per capsule) into the pseudostem

3. Panama Wilt

Symptoms

  • Most varieties are wilting and the lower leaves turn to light yellow and are most prominent around the margins. They eventually turn to bright yellow with dead leaf  margins.
  • In the advanced stages of disease affected plants may have a spiky appearance due to prominent upright apical leaves in contrast to the skirt of dead lower leaves.
  • When taking a cross-section of infected plant, the discolouration appears in a circular pattern around the center of the rhizome.
  • As symptoms progress into the pseudo-stem, continuous lines of discolouration are evident when the plant is cut longitudinal

Management

  • Grow resistant cultivars such as Poovan and Nendran
  • Application of 2 percent of Carbendazim as injection of Carbendazim 50 ml capsule application
  • Paring and pralinage is an effective technique to eradicate the pathogen: removal of roots and outer skin of corm and dipping of the suckers in a solution containing 0.2 per cent Carbendazim + 14 ml of per liter of water. Suckers may be dipped in clay slurry and sprinkled with Carbofuran granules at 40g/corm
  • Soil drenching of Carbendazim 0.2 per cent solution alternated with Propiconozole 0.1% around the pseudostem at bimonthly intervals starting from five months after banana planting
  • Application of neem cake @ 250 Kg/ha
  • Application of bio control agents like Trichoderma viride @ 25 g for 4 times once at the time of banana planting in the pit and remaining doses at third, fifth and seventh month after banana planting

Harvesting and yield

Bunches attain maturity from 100-150 days after flowering depending on variety

Varieties Average yield (Tones/ha.)
Grand Naine 65
Andhapuri, Meanyham 55
Hiral, Safed Velchi, Red banana, Lal Velchi 45
Poovan 40-50
Dwarf Cavendish, Robusta Champa & Chini desi 50-60
Nendran 30-35

Crop Varieties

In India, commonly grown banana varieties are Dwarf Cavendish, Robusta, Monthan, Poovan, Nendran, Red banana, Nyali, Safed Velchi, Basarai, Ardhapuri, Rasthali, Karpurvalli, Karthali and Grandnaine.

 

Agriculture News at a Glance: December Highlights

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Agriculture News at a Glance: December Highlights
Agriculture News at a Glance: December Highlights

1. Himachal Pradesh Introduces Two High-Yielding Wheat Varieties

Himachal Pradesh Agriculture Department introduces two high-yielding wheat varieties, DBW 222 and DBW 187 which will boost the foodgrain production in the state.

2. Revolutionizing Agro-Chemical Sales: Government Approves Online Platforms

The Indian government amended the Insecticide Act to allow online sales of pesticides, which is expected to increase competition and lower prices. Agrochemical manufacturers can also set up their online platforms, attracting e-commerce giants such as Amazon and Flipkart.

3. New Advisory Group to Boost Bamboo Industry and Create a Sustainable Value Chain

The Union Agriculture Minister has approved the creation of an ‘Advisory Group to aid in the development of the bamboo industry. The group’s primary objective is to establish a cohesive value chain for the bamboo sector. According to a statement released by the agriculture ministry, the group will consist of academics, researchers, innovators, entrepreneurs, designers, marketing specialists and policymakers. The advisory group will work to integrate bamboo initiatives among different ministries and departments and assist in restructuring the sector’s developmental framework by establishing synergy among all stages of the bamboo value chain.

4. National Webinar for promotion of frozen fish and its products by the Department of Fisheries

The Dept. of Fisheries, Ministry of Fisheries, Animal Husbandry and Dairying, Government of India conducted a national webinar on “Promotion of frozen fish and fish products” as a part of the ongoing celebration of Azadi Ka Amrit Mahotsav.

5. Using Short-Duration Varieties for Efficient Rice Straw Management

The Union Minister of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare recently revealed that the Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) and State Agriculture Universities (SAUs) have developed new short-duration rice varieties that can aid in paddy straw management. These high-yielding varieties include Pusa Basmati 1509, Pusa Basmati 1692 and Pusa Basmati 1847, all of which have a growing period of just 115 days. Additionally, there are non-basmati aromatic varieties such as PR 126, Pusa Sugandh 5 and Pusa 1612, which have growing periods ranging from 120-125 days. These varieties can help farmers manage their straw more efficiently, resulting in less burning and more sustainable farming practices.

6. Reviving the Badri Cow: Uttarakhand Plans for Genetic Enhancement

Uttarakhand is set to enhance the productivity of its indigenous Badri cow through genetic enhancement. The state plans to use sex-sorted semen and embryo transfer technology to boost cattle production as part of a ten-year plan. The Badri cow, known for grazing on medicinal herbs in the Himalayas, has a petite size and is an important part of Uttarakhand’s rural economy. With around seven lakh Badri cows in the state, including 4.79 lakh females, the genetic enhancement program aims to increase their productivity and improve the livelihoods of local farmers.

7. The Synergy of IoT and AI

The Indian government has taken several initiatives to promote the use of the Internet of Things (IoT) and Artificial Intelligence (AI) in agriculture. The Department of Science & Technology is implementing a National Mission on Interdisciplinary Cyber-Physical Systems (NM-ICPS) and has set up 25 Technology Innovation Hubs (TIHs) across the country, with three of them dedicated to research and development of IoT and AI applications in agriculture. These initiatives are aimed at promoting precision farming, livestock monitoring and monitoring of climate conditions, among other things. With the help of AI and IoT, agriculture can be made more efficient and sustainable, leading to increased productivity and better livelihoods for farmers.

Embrace the Millet Movement: Unveiling the Millets Experience Centre in Dilli Haat

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Embrace the Millet Movement: Unveiling the Millets Experience Centre in Dilli Haat
Embrace the Millet Movement: Unveiling the Millets Experience Centre in Dilli Haat

Welcome to the world of millets, where health meets taste! the first-of-its-kind ‘Millets Experience Centre (MEC)’ was inaugurated at Dilli Haat, INA, New Delhi. This visionary initiative, was led by the Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare in collaboration with NAFED, aimed to raise awareness about millets and encourage their adoption among the general public. As we celebrate the International Year of Millets (IYM 2023), India takes center stage in championing millets as a crop that benefits farmers, the environment, and consumers alike.

Overview

The Millets Experience Centre (MEC) at Dilli Haat was a consumer-oriented establishment that showcases the dietary benefits of millets while popularizing them as a nutritional powerhouse. Here, visitors could indulge in a unique dining experience, savoring a variety of millet-based dishes like dosa and pasta. Additionally, the MEC offered a delightful shopping experience, allowing customers to purchase ready-to-eat and ready-to-cook products from local millet start-ups. This convergence of gastronomic delights and retail therapy made the MEC an all-encompassing destination for millet enthusiasts.

Key Bullet Points

  1. The United Nations General Assembly has declared the year 2023 as the International Year of Millets (IYM 2023), with India at the forefront of the celebrations.
  2. The Government of India, led by Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi, has been actively promoting millets through various initiatives, starting with the declaration of the National Year of Millets in 2018.
  3. The Millets Experience Centre (MEC) at Dilli Haat served as a stepping stone towards India’s aspiration of becoming a global hub for millets.
  4. Dilli Haat, situated in the heart of Delhi, attracted visitors from all around the world, providing an excellent platform to showcase India’s ‘Millet Movement‘.
  5. The MEC not only highlights the environmental, health, and economic benefits of millet farming but also promotes millets as a versatile grain through an expansive menu and a wide variety of millet-based products.
  6. The government aims to mainstream millets by establishing more Millet Experience Centres in Delhi and other states through partnerships with retail chains, hotels, and the F&B industry.
  7. The MEC acted as a catalyst for healthier alternatives, meeting the growing demand from consumers who seek nutritious options.
  8. Collaboration between the Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare (MoA&FW) and NAFED strengthens the promotion of millets and supports the execution of IYM-2023.
  9. Local millet-based start-ups contributed to the MEC by offering a diverse range of millet products, promoting healthy snacking, and encouraging customers to adopt millets-centric diets.

Conclusion

As we embark on the International Year of Millets, India is determined to position itself as a global leader in millet cultivation and consumption. The Millets Experience Centre (MEC) at Dilli Haat stands as a testament to this commitment, providing a platform to explore the wonders of millets. With a focus on health, taste, and sustainability, the MEC is set to revolutionize the way we perceive and embrace millets. Join us on this exciting journey as we discover the remarkable potential of millets and witness the ‘Millet Movement’ unfold before our eyes.

Transforming Livelihoods: AHDF KCC Campaign for Animal Husbandry and Fisheries

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Transforming Livelihoods: AHDF KCC Campaign for Animal Husbandry and Fisheries
Transforming Livelihoods: AHDF KCC Campaign for Animal Husbandry and Fisheries

As part of Aazadi Ka Amrit Mahostav, an initiative celebrating India’s freedom and progress, the Union Cabinet Minister for Fisheries, Animal Husbandry and Dairying, Shri Parshottam Rupala, was set to launch the Nationwide AHDF KCC Campaign for 2023-24. The launch event, scheduled for 3rd May 2023, was conducted virtually, allowing the minister to interact with beneficiaries through Common Service Centers (CSC) and the State Animal Husbandry Department.

Overview

The Department of Animal Husbandry and Dairying, in collaboration with the Department of Fisheries and the Department of Financial Services, organized the Nationwide AHDF KCC Campaign from 1st May 2023 to 31st March 2024. The primary objective of this campaign was to ensure that all eligible animal husbandry, dairy, and fishery farmers have access to the Kisan Credit Card, a valuable financial tool. The campaign’s guidelines were issued to the states on 13.03.2023, accompanied by instructions to banks and state governments by the Department of Financial Services.

Key Points on AHDF KCC Campaign

  1. Since June 2020, the Ministry of Fisheries, Animal Husbandry, and Dairying, in collaboration with the Department of Financial Services, has been actively engaged in organizing a series of campaigns. These initiatives are specifically designed to extend the valuable Kisan Credit Card (KCC) facilities to eligible farmers involved in animal husbandry and fisheries.
  2. During the previous campaign held from 15.11.2021 to 15.03.2023, over 27 lakh fresh KCCs were sanctioned to Animal Husbandry and Fishery Farmers, providing them with crucial credit facilities for their working capital needs.
  3. The Nationwide AHDF KCC Campaign involves organizing District Level KCC Camps every week, where the KCC Coordination Committee, led by the Lead District Manager (LDM), reviews applications sourced by officials from the State Animal Husbandry and Fisheries departments.
  4. Since June 2020, the Ministry of Fisheries, Animal Husbandry, and Dairying, in partnership with the Department of Financial Services, has been actively spearheading multiple campaigns aimed at facilitating the provision of Kisan Credit Cards to eligible farmers engaged in animal husbandry and fisheries activities.
  5. Common Service Centers play a vital role in spreading awareness about the campaign, with approximately 1 lakh farmers participating virtually in the awareness program.
  6. District Level KCC Camps were organized every week during the campaign, allowing officials from the State Animal Husbandry and Fisheries departments to scrutinize applications on the spot.
  7. The campaign emphasizes the importance of financial inclusion and empowerment of farmers in these sectors, contributing to their overall growth and prosperity.

Conclusion

The upcoming Nationwide AHDF KCC Campaign for 2023-24 holds great importance as it signifies a remarkable stride towards expanding the accessibility of the Kisan Credit Card facility. Under the esteemed leadership of Union Cabinet Minister Shri Parshottam Rupala, this campaign aims to cater to the needs of small landless farmers engaged in animal husbandry and fisheries activities, ensuring they have access to the vital financial resources provided by the Kisan Credit Card. This campaign, organized by the Department of Animal Husbandry and Dairying, along with the Department of Fisheries and the Department of Financial Services, aims to provide essential financial support to eligible farmers across the country. Through virtual interactions and District Level KCC Camps, the campaign will ensure that farmers are aware of and can avail the benefits of the Kisan Credit Card, fostering their growth and contributing to the overall development of the agriculture sector.

Doubling Farmers’ Income: Government Schemes and Strategies for Agricultural Prosperity

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Doubling Farmers' Income: Government Schemes and Strategies for Agricultural Prosperity
Doubling Farmers' Income: Government Schemes and Strategies for Agricultural Prosperity

Agriculture, the backbone of our nation, is a vital sector that sustains millions of farmers and contributes significantly to our economy. The government recognizes the crucial role of farmers and has taken proactive measures to enhance their income and well-being. In line with this vision, several policies, reforms, and programs have been implemented to empower farmers and uplift their economic status.

Overview

The Government of India, acknowledging the importance of doubling farmers’ income, formed an Inter-Ministerial Committee in 2016. This committee extensively examined the challenges faced by farmers and recommended strategies to achieve this goal. The committee’s final report, submitted in 2018, outlined various policies, reforms, and programs aimed at doubling farmers’ income.

To ensure the successful implementation of these strategies, the government has significantly increased budget allocations for the agriculture sector. The budget allocation for the Ministry of Agriculture and the Ministry of Fisheries, Animal Husbandry & Dairying has grown over 4.35 times from 2013-14 to 2023-24.

Important key points

  1. Income support through PM KISAN: The Pradhan Mantri Kisan Samman Nidhi (PM KISAN) scheme provides income support to farmers, offering Rs. 6,000 annually in three installments. Over 11 crore farmers have received a total of more than Rs. 2.24 lakh crore under this scheme.
  2. Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana (PMFBY): Launched in 2016, PMFBY addresses issues like high premium rates and reduced sum insured. Farmers have enrolled in large numbers, with over 37.66 crore applications and claims amounting to more than Rs. 1,30,185 crore being paid to farmers against a premium of Rs. 25,174 crore.
  3. Institutional credit for agriculture: The government has increased institutional credit for the agriculture sector, aiming to reach Rs. 18.5 lakh crore in 2022-23. Kisan Credit Cards (KCC) have been extended to Animal Husbandry and Fisheries farmers, facilitating their short-term working capital needs.
  4. Minimum Support Price (MSP): The government has fixed the MSP for various crops at one-and-a-half times the cost of production since 2018-19. This ensures farmers receive a fair price for their produce. The MSP for crops like Paddy and Wheat has witnessed significant increases over the years.
  5. Promotion of organic farming: Initiatives like Paramparagat Krishi Vikas Yojana (PKVY) and Mission Organic Value Chain Development in North East Region (MOVCDNER) promote organic farming. These programs have covered substantial areas and benefited a large number of farmers.
  6. Per Drop More Crop: The Per Drop More Crop scheme focuses on enhancing water use efficiency and productivity through micro-irrigation technologies. Approximately 72 lakh hectares have been covered under micro-irrigation through this scheme.
  7. Promotion of Farmer Producer Organisations (FPOs): The government has launched a central sector scheme to form and promote 10,000 new FPOs. These organizations empower farmers by providing them with collective strength, access to resources, and better market linkages.
  8. National Beekeeping and Honey Mission: Launched as part of the Atma Nirbhar Bharat Abhiyan, this mission aims to increase crop productivity through pollination and promote honey production as an additional source of income. Significant funding has been assigned for the development of the beekeeping sector.
  9. Agricultural mechanization and farm machinery: The government has encouraged the adoption of modern farm machinery and equipment to increase efficiency and productivity. Subsidies and financial assistance are provided to farmers for purchasing machinery like tractors, harvesters, and seeders.
  10. Soil Health Card: The Soil Health Card scheme provides farmers with information about the nutrient status of their soil, enabling them to make informed decisions regarding fertilizer application. Over 18.72 crore soil health cards have been distributed to farmers.
  11. Rashtriya Krishi Vikas Yojana (RKVY): RKVY aims to provide flexibility and autonomy to states in planning and implementing agricultural development programs. It supports various initiatives such as crop diversification, technology dissemination, and infrastructure development.
  12. Pradhan Mantri Krishi Sinchai Yojana (PMKSY): PMKSY focuses on expanding irrigation coverage and improving water-use efficiency. It includes schemes like Har Khet Ko Pani and Per Drop More Crop, aiming to increase agricultural productivity through efficient water management.
  13. e-NAM (National Agricultural Market): E-NAM is an online trading platform that integrates agricultural markets across the country. It facilitates transparent price discovery and provides farmers with better access to markets, reducing intermediaries and ensuring fair prices
  14. Blue Revolution: Blue Revolution encompasses the development and management of fisheries and aquaculture in India. Various schemes promote sustainable aquaculture, fish production, and infrastructure development in coastal and inland areas.
  15. Pradhan Mantri Kisan Sampada Yojana (PMKSY): PMKSY aims to create modern infrastructure for the food processing industry. It includes schemes like Mega Food Parks, Cold Chain Infrastructure, and Agro-Processing Clusters, fostering value addition, reducing wastage, and boosting farmers’ income.
  16. Pradhan Mantri Annadata Aay Sanrakshan Abhiyan (PM-AASHA): PM-AASHA ensures remunerative prices to farmers by providing a comprehensive procurement mechanism. It has three components and these components work together to provide farmers with a comprehensive support system, guaranteeing them adequate compensation for their agricultural produce.
  17. Agriculture Export Policy: The government has formulated an Agriculture Export Policy to boost agricultural exports and promote global trade. It focuses on creating an enabling environment for farmers, processors, and exporters, enhancing competitiveness in the international market.
  18. Pradhan Mantri Kisan Maan-Dhan Yojana (PM-KMY): PM-KMY is a voluntary pension scheme for small and marginal farmers. It provides financial security to farmers in their old age by ensuring a monthly pension after attaining 60 years of age.
  19. Krishi Vigyan Kendras (KVKs): KVKs are agricultural science centers that serve as knowledge and resource hubs for farmers. They provide training, demonstrations, and technical support on modern agricultural practices, enabling farmers to adopt new technologies and improve their livelihoods.

Conclusion

The government’s unwavering commitment to doubling farmers’ income is evident through its comprehensive policies, reforms, and programs. With increased budget allocation, income support schemes, credit facilities, and promotion of organic farming, the aim is to uplift farmers and create sustainable agricultural practices, leading to a brighter future for the farming community.

Agriculture News at a Glance: November Highlights

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Agriculture News at a Glance: November Highlights
Agriculture News at a Glance: November Highlights

1. Andhra Pradesh tops in agriculture loans

  • A recent study by the National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development (NABARD) has shown that Andhra Pradesh has become the leading state in providing agricultural loans to farmers, based on loan disbursement statistics for 2011-12 and 2021-22, that is nearly 129 lakh per hectare.
  • The study also revealed that in 2011, the major four states with the highest average outstanding loans per agricultural household were Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Karnataka and Kerala. While the country’s average loan per agri household was Rs. 72,121.
  • It was found that the institutional lending was 69.6 percent whereas the remaining 30.4 per cent was from the non-institutional lenders.

2. Loans and skills for Lac cultivation for Chhattisgarh farmers

  • Chhattisgarh, a state known for its traditional lac cultivation, is set to promote this industry to generate Rs. 250 crores by increasing production to 10,000 tonnes from the current state of around 4,000 tonnes production valued at Rs. 100 crores.
  • The government will provide free training and loans to farmers, with a loan limit.
  • To facilitate training, a centre has been opened in Kanker by the state minor Forest Produce Federation.

3. Rubber Research Institute of India to test GM rubber in Guwahati

The Rubber Research Institute of India will be conducting field trials for newly developed genetically modified (GM) rubber plants at its Sarutari farm in Guwahati. These trials will evaluate the stress tolerance, disease incidence and yield of the plants under field conditions for 15 years before they are approved for commercialization. The trials will follow standard operating procedures issued by the Biotechnology Department and will be carried out on one acre of the farm.

4. Union Agri Minister Opens M&M’s Farm Machinery Plant in MP

Union Agriculture Minister inaugurates Mahindra’s Greenfield farm machinery plant at Pithampur in MP. This 23-acre facility can manufacture 1,200 combine harvesters and 3,300 rice transplanters per year. It will provide affordable, high-quality ‘Made in India’ farm machinery under Mahindra and Swaraj brands, for both domestic and global markets. The plant and its supplier park are expected to create 1,100 jobs.

5. Assam’s ‘Special Mission’ to Boost its Millet Production

Assam launches ‘Assam Millet Mission’ to double farmers’ income by boosting millet production. The aim is to increase the millet farming area to 25,000 hectares in the next 7 years and to contribute to crop diversification.

6. Kashmir’s Saffron Production Blooms: A Rising Trend

Kashmir’s Saffron yields have increased by 48% this year in the last seven to eight years, benefiting 16,000 saffron-dependent families in the Valley. The establishment of a spice park in Kashmir has helped in sorting, grading, drying and packaging saffron, which is now marketed from the valley.

7. 30 Integrated Pack House Inaugurated in Haryana

Union Agriculture Minister, Narendra Singh Tomar, inaugurated 30 integrated pack houses in Aterna village, Sonipat, Haryana. The pack houses were built through Farmer Producer Organizations (FPOs) and are part of the state government’s plan to establish 500 pack houses. The move is expected to revolutionize the horticulture sector in Haryana. Additionally, brackish water farmers have been encouraged to take up shrimp farming.

8. Rajasthan goes digital with online land registration portal for PM Kusum Yojana

Rajasthan Launches SKAY for Decentralized Solar Projects under PM-KUSUM Scheme: Farmers can now lease out barren land for solar project development through a dedicated online portal created by Distribution companies (DISCOMs). Project developers and farmers can register on the portal to collaborate on securing land for solar power plants on a predetermined lease basis.

9. Andhra Pradesh CM releases Rs. 200 crore subsidy to boost farmers’ income

Andhra Pradesh Chief Minister Y S Jagan Mohan Reddy released Rs. 200 crores for input subsidies and zero interest rate loans for 8.68 lakh farmers to compensate for crop loss and reduce the interest burden. The “Sunna Vaddi Panta Runalu” scheme is designed to aid small, marginal, and actual cultivators in the state.

Revolutionizing Indian Agriculture: Summit on Farm Machinery Technology Empowers Small Farmers

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Revolutionizing Indian Agriculture: Summit on Farm Machinery Technology Empowers Small Farmers
Revolutionizing Indian Agriculture: Summit on Farm Machinery Technology Empowers Small Farmers

Welcome to the Summit on Farm Machinery Technology, a platform organized by the Confederation of Indian Industry (CII) and Tractor and Mechanization Association (TMA), dedicated to empowering farmers with innovative technology and machinery. Under the leadership of Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi, the Indian government is committed to ensuring that small farmers, who make up about 85 percent of the country’s farming community, benefit from technological advancements in agriculture. With an investment of Rs. 6120.85 crore from 2014-15 to 2022-23 and the distribution of over 15.24 lakh farm machinery and equipment at subsidized rates, the government aims to enhance productivity and efficiency in the agricultural sector.

Overview

The Summit on Farm Machinery Technology is a significant gathering of stakeholders, including Original Equipment Manufacturers (OEMs), policy planners, suppliers, and product development firms, all focused on revolutionizing Indian agriculture. The conference aims to highlight the government’s efforts in promoting agricultural mechanization, training programs, and the introduction of groundbreaking initiatives to empower farmers. The Union Minister of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare, Shri Narendra Singh Tomar, graced the event as the Chief Guest, emphasizing the importance of technology in transforming the agricultural landscape. This initiative is part of the larger vision led by Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi, ensuring progress and prosperity for farmers across the country.

Key Points on Summit on Farm Machinery Technology

  1.  The Central Farm Machinery Training and Testing Institute (CFMTTI) in Budni, Madhya Pradesh, has implemented a new system that reduces the testing time for tractors to a maximum of 75 working days, thereby streamlining the process.
  2. The Central Government has trained 1.64 lakh workers through its four authorized test centers, enhancing their skills and expertise in agricultural machinery.
  3. The introduction of the Agricultural Infrastructure Fund, with a staggering worth of Rs. 1 lakh crore, has seen the approval of projects worth Rs. 14,000 crore, significantly benefiting farmers.
  4. The promotion of Kisan drones, accompanied by the introduction of a drone policy and subsidies, is empowering farmers,
  5. Subsidies for farmers reigning from SC-ST categories and women farmers are being provied. Crop-specific standard operating procedures (SOPs) for pesticide application using drones have also been issued.
  6. Acknowledging the vital role of agriculture in the country’s economy, Shri Tomar emphasized that India is a global leader in agricultural products. This success is attributed to the hard work of farmers, contributions from scientists and the industry, and farmer-friendly government policies supported by technology.
  7. To meet the challenges of a growing population and India’s increasing global importance, a roadmap must be prepared, considering the evolving political landscape. The government, under the leadership of Prime Minister Shri Modi, is committed to this goal, supported by a strong resolution and noble intent.
  8. India has witnessed a remarkable work culture transformation since 2014, instilling hope in the nation and the world. The government’s initiatives have propelled India ahead of countries like America, Japan, and Germany in cashless transactions.
  9. Utilizing wastelands for cultivation and attracting the younger generation to agriculture are priorities for the government.
  10. The government has increased farmers’ access to markets through e-NAM mandis and is bridging gaps in the agriculture sector. Over Rs. 1.5 lakh crore packages have been allocated for agriculture and allied sectors to further boost growth. 
  11. The government encourages the adoption of technologies like micro-irrigation to maximize water savings and improve overall efficiency.

Conclusion

The Summit on Farm Machinery Technology has showcased the government’s commitment to empowering small farmers and revolutionizing Indian agriculture through technological advancements. This Summit brings together key stakeholders, including Original Equipment Manufacturers, policy planners, suppliers, and product development firms, to drive agricultural transformation in India. With investments, training programs, and initiatives, the summit has paved the way for increased productivity, efficiency, and sustainability in farming practices. By embracing innovation and providing access to modern machinery, the summit reinforces the vision of a prosperous and technology-driven future for the Indian agricultural sector.

 

Management of Mites in Cotton 

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Management of Mites in Cotton 
Management of Mites in Cotton 

Do you observe discoloration, stunted growth or the presence of fine webbing in your cotton fields? If so, you may be facing a mite infestation. These tiny mites in cotton can cause significant harm to cotton crops, leading to visible damage that negatively impacts plant health and reduces productivity. 

However, don’t worry! We are here to guide you on how to overcome mite infestation in your cotton field. By following the recommended approaches provided, you can effectively manage mite infestations and protect the health and productivity of your cotton field. 

Type of Infestation

Mites are a type of sap feeder, which feeds on the sap of the cotton plants. 

Scientific Names: 

  • Red Spider Mite – Tetranychus neocaledonicus 
  • Yellow Mite – Polyphagotarsonemus latus 

Most Affected States

The exact distribution of Cotton Mites is not well documented in India. However, they can be found in all cotton growing areas. 

Symptoms of Mites in Cotton

  • The first sign of damage is the bronzing of upper leaf surface near the petiole (Red Spider Mite) 
  • The presence of mites can be seen on the young leaves, especially in the top leaves and the buds. 
  • Leaves which are infested by mites become brittle and rough, also exhibit downward curling and stunted growth. (Yellow Mite) 
  • Fine webbings can also be seen on the affected leaves. 
  • The affected leaves may dry and fall off during severe infestation. 
  • In case of heavy damage, the yield and quality of cotton is highly reduced.

Mites in Cotton Control Measures

Cotton mites are a common pest of cotton crops and can cause significant damage if not managed effectively. To control these pests, an integrated approach that combines several management strategies is necessary. 

Cultural Measures

  • Remove the weeds and other debris from the cotton fields to reduce the incidence of mite infestation. 
  • Proper irrigation and fertilization can help maintain the overall health of the cotton plants and reduce their susceptibility to mite infestations. 

Mechanical Measures 

  • Collect and destroy the affected leaves and plants. 

Biological Measures

  • Encourage natural predators and parasites like ladybugs, lacewings, predatory mites and parasitic wasps to control mite populations by practicing intercropping or multiple cropping.  
  • Ecotin Insecticide is a neem based biological insecticide containing Azadirachtin, which can effectively control red spider mites in cotton. The recommended dosage is 0.4 – 0.7 ml per liter water. 
  • Control TRM Bio Pesticide is an organic blend of botanical extracts and alkaloids which has biological and toxicological properties. It is an effective product for controlling cotton red mites. The recommended dosage is 1.5-2ml per liter of water. 
  • PerfoMite is a residue free insect chitin dissolver, based on the phyto-extracts and enzymes which are useful in controlling mites’ infestation in cotton crops. It has a contact based curative action on red mites. The recommended dosage is 2 ml per liter of water. 
  • Kay Bee R Mite Bio Acaricide is a highly effective acaricide for controlling mites in wide range of crops including cotton. The recommended dosage is 1 to 2 ml per liter of water. 
  • Amruth Almite Liquid is a bio insecticide and bio miticide containing the strains of naturally occuring entomopathogenic fungus Paecilomycis fumosoroseus, which comes in contact with the cuticle of target insect pest and kills them. The recommended dosage is 2 ml per liter on water. 
  • Royal Clear Mite is a bio insecticide which contains natural plant extracts, disrupts the breathing of red spider mites and prevents them from hatching. The recommended dosage is 2 ml per liter of water. 

Chemical Measures

Chemical measures include application of commercial insecticides to control cotton mites. Insecticides that can be used to control are mentioned in the table below, 

Product Name  Technical Content  Dosage 
Oberon Insecticide     Spiromesifen 22.9% SC    0.3 ml /lit water  
Neon Insecticide  Fenpyroximate 5%EC  1-1.5 ml/lit of water 
Abacin Insecticide   Abamectin 1.9% EC   0.7 ml /lit water  
Maiden Insecticide   Hexythiazox 5.45% EC   1 ml /lit water  
Intrepid insecticide   Chlorfenapyr 10% SC   2 ml/lit water  
Danitol Insecticide   Fenpropathrin 10% EC   1.5 ml/lit water  
Keefun Insecticide  Tolfenpyrad 15% EC  2 ml/lit of water 
MIT Plus Insecticide   Ethion 40%+ Cypermethrin 5% EC   2.5 ml/lit water 

 

To learn about other types of pests in cotton, click here to read our article on the Management of Insect Pests in Cotton.

Liquid Revolution: How IFFCO Nano DAP (Liquid) is Reshaping Indian Agriculture

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Liquid Revolution: How IFFCO Nano DAP (Liquid) is Reshaping Indian Agriculture
Liquid Revolution: How IFFCO Nano DAP (Liquid) is Reshaping Indian Agriculture

Under the leadership of Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi, the launch of the IFFCO Nano DAP (liquid) product brings a significant change to the agricultural sector of India. This innovative product aims to make farmers prosperous and achieve self-reliance in agriculture and fertilizer production. The introduction of liquid Nano DAP and Nano urea offers a more effective alternative to granulated urea and DAP, with multiple benefits for farmers and the environment. 

Overview 

The approval for Nano urea was given by Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi in February 2021, and the infrastructure to produce 17 crore Nano urea bottles has been established in India by 2023. Union Home Minister and Minister of Cooperation, Shri Amit Shah encourages farmers to adopt liquid Nano urea and DAP for enhanced results compared to granular fertilizers. IFFCO has played a crucial role in bridging the gap between scientific research and practical implementation through its ‘lab to land’ approach, bringing advanced agriculture practices to the fields. The import of Urea has been reduced by 7 lakh metric tonnes in 2021 -22, thanks to the efforts of IFFCO, inspiring other cooperatives to explore new areas and contribute to self-reliance. The cooperative spirit of “mass production by masses” has been upheld by IFFCO, ensuring that the benefits of agricultural advancements reached the masses. 

Key Points

  1. Union Home Minister and Minister of Cooperation, Shri Amit Shah launches IFFCO Nano DAP(liquid) to promote self-reliance on fertilizer production and enhance farmers’ prosperity. 
  2. The use of liquid dap improves both the quality and quantity of crop production while conserving the land and reducing health risks associated with chemical fertilizers. 
  3. Liquid fertilizers minimize land contamination and promote the growth of earthworms, contributing to natural farming practices and soil conservation. 
  4. This Revolutionary step in agriculture will lead India towards self-sufficiency in food production and fertilizers, benefiting the majority of the population engaged in agriculture-related activities. 
  5. Cooperative societies like IFFCO and KRIBHCO have played a significant role in India’s self-reliance on fertilizer element production, following the mantra “mass production by masses”. 
  6. IFFCO’s commissioning of 3 urea plants in a single year demonstrates they are committed to scientific research and practical application in agriculture. 
  7. The introduction of liquid Nano DAP and Nano urea has reduced consumption and import by 6.3 crore urea bags, resulting and significant savings for the country. 
  8. The goal is to reduce granular DAP usage by 90 lakh metric tons through liquid DAP benefiting both the economy and the environment. 
  9. Strengthening primary agriculture credit societies(PACS) is a priority for the Ministry of Corporation, with plans to create new multi-dimensional PACS in 2 lakh panchayats over the next 5 years. 
  10. IFFCO’s extensive experience and dedication to cooperative principles have made them a driving force in the Cooperative environment, contributing to the sector’s growth and income improvement.

Conclusion

The launch of the IFFCO Nano DAP (liquid) marks a significant milestone in India’s agriculture sector. By promoting the use of liquid fertilizers, farmers can achieve better heels, conserve land, and reduce health risks. IFFCO’s commitment to scientific research, cooperation, and self-reliance set an example for other cooperatives to explore new areas. With continued advancements and support from the government, India’s agriculture sector is poised for future growth, benefiting farmers and ensuring food security for the nation.