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Weed Management In Tomato Crop During Vegetative Stage

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July 6, 2023

Weeds can pose a significant threat to the growth and health of your tomato plants. Competing for sunlight, nutrients, and water, these invasive plants can hinder the development of tomatoes, leading to poor growth or even failure. This article aims to explore common weed types that affect tomato plants during seedling stage and provide recommendations for effective weed management. Additionally, we will discuss the use of manual weeders and herbicides as practical solutions, emphasizing the importance of careful application to protect your tomato plants.

Types of Weeds

To effectively manage weeds in your tomato farm, it is crucial to understand the different types commonly encountered. Weeds can be categorized into three main groups:

Broad-leaved weeds
Grassy weeds and
Sedges

Broad-leaved weeds: These weeds typically have smaller and wider leaves compared to other types. These plants compete directly with tomato plants for essential resources.

Grassy weeds: As the name suggests, grassy weeds have longer and narrower leaves resembling grasses.

Sedges: Sedges are similar to grasses, but they are distinguished by their cylindrical, triangle-shaped stems and three leaves.

Methods of Weed Removal

To mitigate the adverse effects of weeds on your tomato plants, effective weed removal methods can be employed. The two common approaches are manual weeders and herbicides.

Manual weeders

Manual weeders are hand tools specifically designed for uprooting weeds from the ground. This method is suitable for those who prefer not to use herbicides or have limited access to them. Manual weeders are also favored in organic farming practices.

Herbicides

Herbicides are chemical compounds designed to eliminate weeds. They can be categorized into two types based on their application.

Pre-emergence herbicides: Pre-emergence herbicides are weed killers that are applied to the soil before the weeds start growing. They create a protective barrier on the soil surface, preventing weed emergence.
Post-emergence herbicides: Post-emergence herbicides are applied directly to the weeds after they have emerged from the soil. They target and kill the existing weed growth.

Recommended Herbicides for Weed Control

Tata Metri Herbicide

Technical Content – Metribuzin 70% WP
It is both pre-emergence and post-emergence herbicide that can be used to get rid of grasses and most broad-leaved weeds.
Dosage: 0.5 to 0.6 gm/liter of water.

Agil Herbicide

Technical Content – Propaquizafop 10% EC
It is a post-emergence herbicide, which can be used for the control of a wide range of annual and perennial grasses.
Dosage: 2 ml/liter of water or 40 ml/acre.

Sempra Herbicide

Technical Content – Halosulfuron Methy 75% WG
It is a post-emergence herbicide that can be used to control sedges.
Dosage: 0.18 gm/liter of water.

Goal Herbicide

Technical Content: Oxyfluorfen 23.5% EC
It is a both pre-emergence and post-emergence herbicide, which can be used to control annual broad-leaved weeds and some grasses.
Dosage: 1 ml/lit of water or 200 ml/acre.

Note: While herbicides are valuable weed management tools, cautious application is vital to protect your tomato plants. Always follow the instructions to ensure the safe and effective use of herbicides. Incorrect usage can harm your tomato plants and compromise their overall health.

Conclusion

Identifying weed types and employing appropriate removal methods are essential for maintaining healthy tomato plants. Remember to select herbicides that align with your specific weed types and follow instructions for the safety and success of your tomato farm. With the proper weed management, you can create optimal conditions for your tomato plants to thrive and yield bumper harvest.

Pests Affecting Tomato Crops At The Vegetative Stage

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July 6, 2023

As a farmer, you invest significant effort into nurturing your tomato plants from seed to maturity. However, even with utmost care, these plants remain susceptible to pests and insects that can undermine your hard work. In this article, we will explore common pests that target tomato crops during the vegetative stage and provide effective strategies to control and prevent infestations.

Thrips

Causal Organism: Thrips tabaci, Frankliniella sp.

Symptoms

One pest that tomato growers often encounter is the thrips. These tiny insects feed on the young leaves of your tomato plants and cause damage.
They can also transmit TOSPO virus, which can further harm your crops.

Control Measures

Use Confidor Insecticide (Imidacloprid 17.8% SL) at the rate of 0.75-1 ml per liter of water. (Or)
Spray Actara Insecticide (Thiamethoxam 25% WG) at the rate of 0.5 gm per liter of water.

Aphids

Causal Organism: Myzus persicae, Aphis gossypii

Symptoms

Aphids are notorious sapsuckers, commonly infect tomato plants during the seedling stage.
These small insects suck the sap of tender leaves, leading to misshapen and stunted growth.

Control Measures

Use Sefina Insecticide (Afidopyropen 50 G/L DC) at the rate of 1 ml per liter of water. (Or)
Spray Rogor Insecticide (Dimethoate 30% EC) at the rate of 1 ml per liter of water.

Mites

Causal Organism: Tetranychus spp.

Symptoms

These minute pests can cause yellow or whitish spotting on leaves, leading to weakened plant growth.

Control Measures

Use Foster Insecticide (Cyflumetofen 20% SC) at the rate of 1 ml per liter of water. (Or)
Spray Kunoichi Miticide (Cyenopyrafen 30%) at the rate of 0.3 to 0.5 ml per liter of water.

Whitefly

Causal Organism: Bemisia tabaci

Symptoms

Whiteflies also suck the sap from the tomato leaves.
As a result of sucking, distorted and malformed leaves can be seen.

Control Measures

Use TATA Manik Insecticide (Acetamiprid 20% SP) at the rate of 1 gm per liter of water. (Or)
Spray Ulala Insecticide (Flonicamid 50% WG) at the rate of 0.5 gm per liter of water.

Mealybugs

Causal Organism: Maconellicoccus sp., Phenacoccus solenopsis

Symptoms

Mealybugs are sap suckers, which suck the sap from the tomato plant and weaken them.
They secrete a honeydew substance, which attracts other pests and can lead to the growth of sooty mould on the plant.

Control Measures

Spray Ulala Insecticide (Flonicamid 50% WG) or Sivanto Bayer Insecticide (Flupyradifurone 17.09% SL) at the rate of 0.5 to 1 gm per liter of water.

Note: Taking proactive measures to control pests at the seedling stage is crucial for the successful growth of your tomato plants. Regularly monitor your plants for signs of pest damage and promptly intervene with the recommended insecticides. Remember to follow the instructions on the product labels and take appropriate safety precautions when using any pesticides.

Conclusion

Effective pest control during the vegetative stage is crucial for successful tomato cultivation. By implementing these strategies and staying vigilant, you can ensure the health and vitality of your tomato crop.

Diseases Affecting Tomato Crop At Vegetative Stage

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July 6, 2023

During the vegetative stage, when tomato plants are actively developing leaves and stems, they become particularly susceptible to a range of diseases. Despite providing diligent care, the risk of these diseases affecting your tomato crops cannot be completely eliminated. In this article, we will discuss a few diseases that can affect your tomato crops during the vegetative stage and provide you with the best methods to control them. So, make sure to shield your tomato plants from these diseases to ensure a healthy harvest!

Common diseases that could affect your tomato plants during vegetative stage:

Damping Off or Collar Rot

Causal Organism: Pythium aphanidermatum

Symptoms

Pre-emergent symptom: Complete decay of seedlings before they emerge from the soil, particularly in damp conditions.
Post-emergent symptom: Once the seedlings emerge, the infected tissues around the collar region or ground level become soft and water-soaked, leading to the eventual collapse of the seedlings.

Control Measures

Treat the seeds with metalaxyl-M at the rate of 2 ml/kg 24 hours before sowing.
Drench solution of Blitox (Copper Oxy Chloride 50%WP) at the rate of 2-3 grams per liter of water. (Or)
Drench Aliette (Fosetyl Al 80% WP) at the rate of 2.5 grams per liter of water.

Early Blight

Causal Organism: Alternaria solani

Symptoms

Small black lesions appear on young leaves, which can develop into necrotic tissue resembling bull’s eyes during periods of high humidity and warm temperatures.
The affected leaves eventually drop, and the stem may become girdled, weakening the plant.

Control Measures

Spray Amistar Top (Azoxystrobin 18.2% + Difenoconazole 11.4% SC) at the rate of 1ml per liter of water or Melody Duo (Iprovalicarb 5.5% + Propineb 66.75% WP) at the rate of 2 grams per liter of water.

Leaf Curl

Causal Organism: Tomato Leaf Curl Virus (ToLCV)

Vector: Whitefly (Bemisia tabaci)

Symptoms

Yellowing and curling of young leaves, which also shows downward rolling and crinkling.
Affected plants exhibit severe stunting of leaves.
Older leaves can become tough and brittle, and infected plants may appear pale with bushy lateral branches.

Control Measures

Spray Geolife No Virus (an organic viricide) at the rate of 2 ml per liter of water. (Or)
Place sticky traps such as Eco Sticky Traps, at the rate of 8-10 traps per acre to monitor for whiteflies (vector), which can spread the disease.

Conclusion

Safeguarding your tomato plants against common seedling diseases is crucial for a healthy harvest. Diseases like Damping Off or Collar Rot, Early Blight, and Leaf Curl can cause significant damage to your crops if left unchecked. By employing appropriate preventive measures, such as drenching or spraying solutions containing the recommended fungicides or viricides, you can effectively control these diseases. Remember to closely monitor your plants and take prompt action at the first signs of disease. With proper care and attention, your tomato plants will flourish and reward you with a plentiful harvest.

Transplanting Tips For Tomato Crop

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July 6, 2023

Transplanting is a critical phase in the journey of cultivating tomatoes, where delicate seedlings make their transition from controlled environments to the vast expanse of the main field. This pivotal step sets the stage for their growth, productivity, and ultimately, the success of your tomato harvest. Proper transplanting techniques not only ensure the healthy establishment of your plants but also contribute to their overall vigor, disease resistance, and maximum yield potential.

In addition to proper transplanting techniques, it’s essential to discuss the significance of mulching in this critical phase. Therefore, in this article, we will provide you with important tips for both transplanting and mulching that will help you achieve better tomato crops.

What is Mulching and Why is it important?

Mulching involves covering the soil with a protective layer, such as a mulching sheet. This technique offers numerous benefits for your tomato plants. It helps prevent the evaporation of soil moisture from the roots, reduces weed incidence, and prevents nutrient loss due to excessive rainfall.

Difference between a mulching sheet and a mulching roll

In simple terms, they are essentially the same. A mulching sheet comes in a roll form, usually measured in meters like 3 feet by 400 meters. Regardless of which option you choose, the benefits remain constant.

Benefits of using Mulching Sheets

Mulching sheets suppress the growth of weeds and prevent soil moisture evaporation.
Provides an ideal micro-climate for your plants, leading to higher yields.
Helps in the regulation of soil temperature.
Mulching sheets also come in various sizes, thicknesses (GSM), and lengths.
Popular colors for mulching sheets include black and silver, suitable for most crops.

Mulch Sheet Recommendations

How to use the mulching roll?

Mulching rolls should be placed or applied over the raised bed (ridges) throughout your tomato field. Typically, you would need 5 to 6 rolls per acre.

Some tips to keep in mind during the transplantation of your tomato seedlings

Transplant your seedlings 20 to 30 days after sowing, ensuring they come from a well-maintained nursery.
Before transplanting, treat the seedlings with fungicides and insecticides to prevent leaf spots and pests.
The day before planting, water the bed for 20-30 minutes to maintain appropriate moisture levels.
Plant the tomato seedlings at the proper depth to promote healthy root formation and development.
After transplanting, make sure to thoroughly water the seedlings every alternate day for 5-7 days to help them establish in their new environment.

Conclusion

The above-mentioned are some of the crucial steps of transplanting tomatoes. By following these tips and setting up mulching properly, you’ll increase your chances of having a bigger and better tomato harvest.

Land Preparation For Tomato Crop

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July 6, 2023

Are you planning to grow tomatoes? That’s fantastic! But before you dive into the exciting planting process, it’s important to ensure that your field is well-nourished and properly prepared. In this article, we will be sharing some valuable insights on the best practices for making your field ready for a successful tomato crop. So, let’s get started!

Best Practices for Preparing Your Field for Tomato Cultivation

Tilling or Ploughing

The first step in preparing your field is tilling the land, also known as ploughing, which involves cutting, breaking, and inverting the soil. Tilling mechanically loosens and breaks up the soil and also helps in creating an optimal environment for seed germination and root growth. This process enhances air and water flow to the plant roots, thereby promoting healthy development.

Tilling the land also ensures that the minerals present in the soil are well-mixed and easily accessible to the crops, further enhancing their growth. This step sets a strong foundation for your tomato cultivation.

Note: While tilling is crucial, make sure that you are not over-tilling the soil, as excessive tilling can lead to the loss of soil structure and fertility, erosion, and damage to beneficial soil microorganisms. Striking a balance between loosening the soil for planting and maintaining its overall structure and health is essential.

Harrowing

The next step after tilling is harrowing, which smoothens and pulverizes the soil to a shallow depth. It helps create a finer seedbed and prepares the soil for subsequent operations.

Harrowing is followed by the application of Farmyard Manure (FYM). FYM supplies nutrients and enhances the solubility and availability of nutrients in the soil. It also boosts microbial activity, further enriching the soil.

Recommended dose of FYM: 12 tons of FYM/acre

Making Ridges and Furrows

The last step in tilling involves making ridges and furrows. These make intercultural operations easier throughout the growth cycle.

Recommended spacing for ridges and furrows: 60-75 cm. This specific spacing helps prevent the spread of pests and diseases, ensuring the overall health of your tomato plants.

Application of Biofertilizers and Bioagents

To further enhance soil health and protect against pests and diseases, consider using beneficial microorganisms.

Recommended beneficial microorganisms: Trichoderma, Pseudomonas, and Paceliomyces.

These beneficial microorganisms can be mixed with neem cake, Pongamia cake, and FYM for improved results.

Application method: Broadcast the basal dose 7 to 10 days after applying biofertilizer.

Setting up the Irrigation-Drip System

Additionally, for improved irrigation and water use efficiency in your tomato field, it is recommended to lay down inline drip lateral pipes.

Recommended pipe specifications: Use pipes with a diameter of 12 or 16 mm.

Note: These pipes should be laid at a 2-feet distance throughout the field.

Conclusion

Remember, a well-prepared land is crucial in tomato cultivation as it lays the foundation for a high-quality yield. Make sure to follow the best practices and essential steps listed in this article for optimal crop growth and a higher yield.

The Ultimate Guide To Fertilizing Tomato Plants: Dosages And Nutrients For Each Growth Stage 

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July 4, 2023

The Ultimate Guide to Fertilizing Tomato Plants: Dosages and Nutrients for Each Growth Stage

As a farmer, you know that the right dosage of nutrients can help grow the best-looking and best-tasting tomatoes that sell fast. One crucial element in this process is the use of NPK fertilizers. Knowing when and how much fertilizer to apply can make all the difference in producing a bumper crop of tomatoes that are not only beautiful but also nutritious. 

In this article, we’ll walk you through the different stages of growth and the recommended fertilizers for each stage. 

Understanding the Importance of Fertilizing Tomato Plants 

According to experts, it’s important to understand why your tomato plant needs fertilizers. During the different stages of growth, your tomato plant requires different nutrients for healthy growth. 

The Seedling Stage: Dosages for White Roots and Shoot Tip Formation

During this stage, which occurs 10-15 days after transplanting, it’s recommended to drench your plants with a mix of humic and fulvic acid, seaweed extract, and blue copper. This mix helps with white roots and shoot tip formation and controls fungal diseases. 

As farmer Suresh explains, “I have seen significant improvement in root growth after using humic and fulvic acid on my tomato seedlings. It also helps the plant withstand drought and heat stress.” 

NPK Dosage during the seedling stage;

Humic and Fulvic acid – 5ml/litre water 
Seaweed Extract – 2ml/litre water 
Blue Copper at the rate of 2gm/litre of water

The Rooting Stage: Dosages for Healthy Root System

Between 15-25 days after planting, your tomato plant enters the rooting stage. This stage requires a first dose of 13:40:13 NPK fertilizer, which aids in root formation. The dose can be given via fertigation or drenching. 

As farmer Ravi Shankar shares, “I use 13:40:13 NPK for my tomato plants during the rooting stage, and it has helped my plants develop a healthy root system. I use fertigation as it helps in uniform distribution of the fertilizer.” 

NPK Dosage via fertigation during the rooting stage;

First dose: 13:40:13 – either 2 kilograms/acre for fertigation or 5 to 10 gm/litre of water for drenching – phosphorous aids in root formation 
Second dose: 2 kilograms/acre of 12:61:00 with 2 litres of Humic and Fulvic acid
Third dose: 13:40:13 – 2 kilograms/acre

The Vegetative Stage: Dosages for Lush Green Leaves

From 25-40 days after transplanting, your tomato plant enters the vegetative stage. During this stage, it’s recommended to use a 19:19:19 NPK fertilizer to support foliar or canopy formation. Additionally, a mixture of 20:20:20 NPK fertilizer and magnesium sulphate can be used to develop chlorophyll in leaves which helps n effective photosynthesis and correct the deficiency of the nutrient if any. 

According to farmer Gopal Yadav, “I use a mixture of 19:19:19 NPK and magnesium sulphate during the vegetative stage, and it has helped my plants grow lush green leaves.” 

NPK Dosage during the vegetative stage; 

First dose: 19:19:19 NPK fertilizer – 2.5 kilogram/acre 
Second dose: Mixture of 2.5 kg/acre of 20:20:20 NPK fertilizer and 1kg/acre of Magnesium Sulphate 
Third dose: 2.5 kg/acre of 19:19:19 NPK

The Flowering Stage: Dosages for Healthy Pollen Formation

The flowering stage occurs between 40-50 days after planting. During this stage, it’s recommended to use a 16:08:24 NPK fertilizer to supply ample quantity of nutrients that are required for the plant at flowering stage and a foliar spray of Allbor which contains boron helps in the formation of healthy pollen in the flowers. Additionally, a mixture of 00:52:34 NPK fertilizer and Zinc sulphate can be used to prevent zinc deficiency that affects the growth and development of the tomato plant. 

As farmer Mahesh Linganna explains, “I have applied 16:08:24 through drip and foliar spray of Allbor during the flowering stage, and it has helped my plants set a good number of flowers that turn into healthy fruits.” 

NPK Dosage during the flowering stage; 

First dose: Application of 16:08:24 NPK at a rate of 3.5 kilograms per acre.  Foliar spray of Allbor @ 1 gm/lit water. 
Second dose: Application of 3.5 kilograms per acre of 00:52:34 NPK fertilizer with 500 grams of zinc sulphate per acre.  
Third dose: Application of 16:08:24 NPK at a rate of 3.5kg/acre.

The Fruiting Stage: Dosages for Healthy and Juicy Tomatoes

Between 50-65 days after transplanting, your tomato plant enters the fruiting or reproductive stage. During this stage, it’s recommended to supply 13:00:45 fertilizer and also foliar spray of Multiplex Kranti to treat calcium deficiency that triggers blossom-end rot in tomato crops. The potassium in the NPK fertilizer helps in fruit development, which is responsible for the size, colour, and taste of the fruit. 

As farmer Jaya Raja shares, “I have given 13:00:45 to the crop using Drip and a foliar spray of Multiplex Kranti during the fruiting stage, and it has helped my plants produce healthy and juicy tomatoes.” 

NPK Dosage during the fruiting stage; 

First dose: Application of 13:00:45 NPK at the rate of 4 to 5 kg/acre . Foliar spray of Multiplex Kranti at the rate of 1.5 ml/lit water. 
Second dose: Application of 4 to 5 kg/acre of Calcium Nitrate with 500 gm of Fe EDDHA. 
Third dose: Application of 13:00:45 NPK at the rate of 4 to 5 kg/acre.

The Harvesting Stage: Dosages for a Vibrant Red Colour

Finally, at approximately 65-80 days after transplantation, your tomato plant enters the harvesting stage. During this stage, it’s recommended to apply a mixture of 00:00:50 NPK and 18% sulphur to provide a healthy red colour to the fruit and improve the flavour. This mixture can be applied through foliar spray or drenching. 

As farmer Puttappa explains, “I use a mixture of 00:00:50 NPK and 18% sulphur during the harvesting stage, and it has helped my tomatoes develop a bright red colour and delicious flavour, which is important for marketability.” 

NPK Dosage during the harvesting stage; 

First dose: Apply a mixture of 00:00:50 NPK and 18% Sulphur (4 to 5 kg/acre).
Second dose: Application of 00:52:34 NPK at the rate of 4 to 5 kg/acre mixed with 500 gm of Fe EDDHA.
Third dose: Application of 00:00:50 NPK mixed with 18% Sulphur at the rate of 4 to 5 kg/acre.

Fertilization after the first harvest

After the first harvest, the recommended NPK is 00:52:34 Fertilization during this stage is crucial to promote new shoots and fruit development. Later, during the fruiting stage for the following harvest, the recommended NPK is 13:00:45 and 00:00:50 to enhance the fruit colour, size, and shine of the fruits. You can repeat this process for three to four pickings.  

After the third or fourth picking use 13:40:13 NPK to promote the growth of new shoots. Later, use 20:20:20 to initiate fruiting. Follow this until the last harvest.  

Conclusion 

Fertilizing tomato plants is essential for optimal growth and yields. It’s important to understand the different stages of growth and the nutrients required for each stage. By following the recommended fertilizers and dosages, farmers can grow healthy and high-quality tomatoes that are in demand in the market. 

Defending Cotton: Best Practices For White Fly Management

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June 15, 2023

Defending Cotton: Best Practices For White Fly Management

Whitefly in Cotton , Attention farmers! Prepare to confront a common and persistent threat in your cotton fields.

In this article, we will equip you with practical knowledge on effectively managing this tiny yet formidable pest. Whether you have already encountered cotton whiteflies or wish to stay proactive, we’re here to provide you with the information you need to safeguard your precious cotton crops. Let’s dive in and explore the intricate world of cotton whiteflies, arming you with the necessary tools to protect your fields and ensure a successful harvest.

Type of Infestation

Both nymphs and adults suck the sap from the lower surface of the leaves and cause damage to cotton plants.

Scientific Name: Bemisia tabaci

Most Affected States due to Whitefly in Cotton

It is the most serious pest during summer months, occurs in all cotton growing areas in India like Maharashtra, Gujarat, Karnataka, Telangana, Andhra Pradesh etc.

Symptoms of Whitefly in Cotton

Both nymphs and adults of the whitefly suck the sap from lower surface of the cotton plants.
As a result of sucking, chlorotic spots can be seen on the leaves.
In case of severe infestations premature defoliation can occur.
It also leads to poor boll opening and shedding of affected buds and bolls.
Sooty mould growth can be observed on the infested leaves, which is the result of honey dew secreted by whitefly.
Whitefly also transmits “Leaf curl virus” disease in cotton.

Whitefly in Cotton Control Measures

If you notice any of the symptoms mentioned above in your cotton field, implement an integrated pest management strategy that includes cultural, mechanical, biological and chemical measures to control their infestation.

Whitefly in Cotton Cultural Measures

Avoid late sowing to reduce the whitefly infestation.
Cultivate white fly tolerant varieties like Amravathi, Kanchan, Supriya, Lk 861, LPS 141.
Perform crop rotation with non-preferred hosts like sorghum, ragi, maize etc.
Avoid using excessive dozes of nitrogenous fertilizers, as this can lead to succulent growth which encourages whitefly population.
Remove the alternate weed hosts like Abutilon indicum, Solanum nigrum from the cotton fields and neighboring areas.
Maintain healthy plant growth by providing adequate irrigation.

Mechanical Measures

Collect and destroy the whitefly infested leaves from the cotton plants.
Install Tapas Yellow Sticky Traps at the rate of 6 to 8 traps per acre to effectively control whiteflies in cotton field.

Whitefly in Cotton Biological Measures

Release predators like mirid bug, dragonfly, spider, robber fly, praying mantis, fire ants, coccinellids, lacewings, big eyed bugs to prey on the cotton whiteflies.
Also encourage parasitoids such as Encarsia species, Eretmocerus species to keep the whitefly population in check.
Amruth Alestra Liquid (Bio Insecticide) contains strains of naturally occurring entomopathogenic fungus Verticillium lecanii which comes in contact with the cuticle of the cotton whiteflies and colonizes them. The recommended dosage is 2ml per liter of water.
Greenpeace Neemol Bio Neem Oil Insecticide contains neem-based products azadirachtin which when used at the rate of 1-2 ml per liter of water with 15 days interval between each spray can effectively control whiteflies in cotton field.
Anshul Bio Finish is a broad spectrum biopesticide containing active ingredients derived from many plants. Use Anshul Bio Finish biopesticide at the rate of 3-5ml per liter of water at regular intervals of 10-12 days for effective control of cotton whiteflies.

Whitefly in Cotton Chemical Measures

Chemical measures include the use of commercial chemicals to control whitefly population. Some commonly used insecticides for controlling cotton whiteflies include,

Product Name	Technical Content	Dosage
Tatamida SL Insecticide	Imidacloprid 17.8% SL	1-2 ml/lit water
Kaitaku Insecticide	Acetamiprid 20 % SP	1 gm/lit
Actara Insecticide	Thiamethoxam 25 % WG	0.5 gm/lit water
Sumiprempt Insecticide	Pyriproxifen 5% EC + Fenpropathrin 15% EC	1.5 ml/lit water
Tychi Insecticide	Tolfenpyrad 15% EC	2 ml/lit water
Oberon Insecticide	Spiromesifen 22.9 % SC	0.3 ml/lit water
Lancer Gold Insecticide	Acephate 50 % + Imidacloprid 1.8 % SP	1 gm/lit water
Greenovate Miyogi Insecticide	Chlorpyrifos 50% + Cypermethrin 5% EC	2 ml/lit water
Pager Insecticide	Diafenthiuron 50% WP	0.5 gm/lit water
Ulala Insecticide	Flonicamid 50% WG	0.3 gm/lit water

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